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Tâches de l'opérateur

Guides opérationnels pour déployer, configurer et maintenir un cluster etcd.

1 - Comment configurer un cluster étcd de démonstration

Guide de configuration d’un cluster dans etcd
01_etcd_clustering_2016050601

Sur chaque nœud etcd, précisez les membres du cluster :

TOKEN=token-01
CLUSTER_STATE=new
NAME_1=machine-1
NAME_2=machine-2
NAME_3=machine-3
HOST_1=10.240.0.17
HOST_2=10.240.0.18
HOST_3=10.240.0.19
CLUSTER=${NAME_1}=http://${HOST_1}:2380,${NAME_2}=http://${HOST_2}:2380,${NAME_3}=http://${HOST_3}:2380

Exécutez ceci sur chaque machine :

# For machine 1
THIS_NAME=${NAME_1}
THIS_IP=${HOST_1}
etcd --data-dir=data.etcd --name ${THIS_NAME} \
	--initial-advertise-peer-urls http://${THIS_IP}:2380 --listen-peer-urls http://${THIS_IP}:2380 \
	--advertise-client-urls http://${THIS_IP}:2379 --listen-client-urls http://${THIS_IP}:2379 \
	--initial-cluster ${CLUSTER} \
	--initial-cluster-state ${CLUSTER_STATE} --initial-cluster-token ${TOKEN}

# For machine 2
THIS_NAME=${NAME_2}
THIS_IP=${HOST_2}
etcd --data-dir=data.etcd --name ${THIS_NAME} \
	--initial-advertise-peer-urls http://${THIS_IP}:2380 --listen-peer-urls http://${THIS_IP}:2380 \
	--advertise-client-urls http://${THIS_IP}:2379 --listen-client-urls http://${THIS_IP}:2379 \
	--initial-cluster ${CLUSTER} \
	--initial-cluster-state ${CLUSTER_STATE} --initial-cluster-token ${TOKEN}

# For machine 3
THIS_NAME=${NAME_3}
THIS_IP=${HOST_3}
etcd --data-dir=data.etcd --name ${THIS_NAME} \
	--initial-advertise-peer-urls http://${THIS_IP}:2380 --listen-peer-urls http://${THIS_IP}:2380 \
	--advertise-client-urls http://${THIS_IP}:2379 --listen-client-urls http://${THIS_IP}:2379 \
	--initial-cluster ${CLUSTER} \
	--initial-cluster-state ${CLUSTER_STATE} --initial-cluster-token ${TOKEN}

Ou utilisez notre service de découverte public :

curl https://discovery.etcd.io/new?size=3
https://discovery.etcd.io/a81b5818e67a6ea83e9d4daea5ecbc92

# grab this token
TOKEN=token-01
CLUSTER_STATE=new
NAME_1=machine-1
NAME_2=machine-2
NAME_3=machine-3
HOST_1=10.240.0.17
HOST_2=10.240.0.18
HOST_3=10.240.0.19
DISCOVERY=https://discovery.etcd.io/a81b5818e67a6ea83e9d4daea5ecbc92

THIS_NAME=${NAME_1}
THIS_IP=${HOST_1}
etcd --data-dir=data.etcd --name ${THIS_NAME} \
	--initial-advertise-peer-urls http://${THIS_IP}:2380 --listen-peer-urls http://${THIS_IP}:2380 \
	--advertise-client-urls http://${THIS_IP}:2379 --listen-client-urls http://${THIS_IP}:2379 \
	--discovery ${DISCOVERY} \
	--initial-cluster-state ${CLUSTER_STATE} --initial-cluster-token ${TOKEN}

THIS_NAME=${NAME_2}
THIS_IP=${HOST_2}
etcd --data-dir=data.etcd --name ${THIS_NAME} \
	--initial-advertise-peer-urls http://${THIS_IP}:2380 --listen-peer-urls http://${THIS_IP}:2380 \
	--advertise-client-urls http://${THIS_IP}:2379 --listen-client-urls http://${THIS_IP}:2379 \
	--discovery ${DISCOVERY} \
	--initial-cluster-state ${CLUSTER_STATE} --initial-cluster-token ${TOKEN}

THIS_NAME=${NAME_3}
THIS_IP=${HOST_3}
etcd --data-dir=data.etcd --name ${THIS_NAME} \
	--initial-advertise-peer-urls http://${THIS_IP}:2380 --listen-peer-urls http://${THIS_IP}:2380 \
	--advertise-client-urls http://${THIS_IP}:2379 --listen-client-urls http://${THIS_IP}:2379 \
	--discovery ${DISCOVERY} \
	--initial-cluster-state ${CLUSTER_STATE} --initial-cluster-token ${TOKEN}

etcd est maintenant prêt ! Pour vous connecter à etcd avec etcdctl :

export ETCDCTL_API=3
HOST_1=10.240.0.17
HOST_2=10.240.0.18
HOST_3=10.240.0.19
ENDPOINTS=$HOST_1:2379,$HOST_2:2379,$HOST_3:2379

etcdctl --endpoints=$ENDPOINTS member list

2 - Comment effectuer l'élection du leader dans un cluster etcd

Étapes pour effectuer une élection de leader via le client etcdctl

Prérequis

  • Vérifiez que etcd et etcdctl sont installés.
  • Vérifiez l’état du cluster etcd actif.

Conduire l’élection du leader

La commande etcdctl est utilisée pour effectuer des élections de leader dans un cluster etcd. Elle garantit qu’un seul client peut devenir leader à la fois.

etcdctl --endpoints=$ENDPOINTS elect <election-name> [proposal]

etcdctl --endpoints=$ENDPOINTS elect election-name p1

Options

  • --endpoints : $ENDPOINTS

Adresse de chaque membre du cluster etcd.

  • election-name chaîne de caractères

Identifiant sous forme de chaîne pour l’élection. Tous les participants en compétition pour la direction doivent utiliser le même nom d’élection.

  • leader-name chaîne de caractères

Valeur de proposition du nouveau leader.

Exemple

./etcdctl elect my-election proposal1
my-election/694d99fafea88404
proposal1

another election:
./etcdctl elect new-election proposal1
new-election/694d99fafea8840f
proposal1

3 - Comment vérifier l'état du cluster

Guide de vérification de l’état du cluster etcd

Prérequis

Vérifier l’état global

endpoint status pour vérifier l’état global de chaque point de terminaison spécifié dans le drapeau --endpoints :

etcdctl endpoint status (--endpoints=$ENDPOINTS|--cluster)

Options

--cluster[=false]: use all endpoints from the cluster member list

Vérifier l’état de santé

endpoint health pour vérifier l’état de santé de chaque point de terminaison spécifié dans le drapeau --endpoints :

etcdctl endpoint health (--endpoints=$ENDPOINTS|--cluster)

Options

--cluster[=false]: use all endpoints from the cluster member list

Vérifier le hachage KV

endpoint hashkv pour vérifier le hachage de l’historique des paires clé-valeur de chaque point de terminaison spécifié dans le drapeau --endpoints :

etcdctl endpoint hashkv (--endpoints=$ENDPOINTS|--cluster) [rev=$REV]

Options

--cluster[=false]: use all endpoints from the cluster member list
--rev=0: maximum revision to hash (default: latest revision)

Options héritées des commandes parentes

--endpoints="127.0.0.1:2379": gRPC endpoints
-w, --write-out="simple": set the output format (fields, json, protobuf, simple, table)

Exemples

etcdctl --write-out=table --endpoints=$ENDPOINTS endpoint status

+------------------+------------------+---------+---------+-----------+------------+-----------+------------+--------------------+--------+
|    ENDPOINT      |        ID        | VERSION | DB SIZE | IS LEADER | IS LEARNER | RAFT TERM | RAFT INDEX | RAFT APPLIED INDEX | ERRORS |
+------------------+------------------+---------+---------+-----------+------------+-----------+------------+--------------------+--------+
| 10.240.0.17:2379 | 4917a7ab173fabe7 |  3.5.0  |   45 kB |      true |      false |         4 |      16726 |              16726 |        |
| 10.240.0.18:2379 | 59796ba9cd1bcd72 |  3.5.0  |   45 kB |     false |      false |         4 |      16726 |              16726 |        |
| 10.240.0.19:2379 | 94df724b66343e6c |  3.5.0  |   45 kB |     false |      false |         4 |      16726 |              16726 |        |
+------------------+------------------+---------+---------+-----------+------------+-----------+------------+--------------------+--------|
etcdctl --endpoints=$ENDPOINTS endpoint health

10.240.0.17:2379 is healthy: successfully committed proposal: took = 3.345431ms
10.240.0.19:2379 is healthy: successfully committed proposal: took = 3.767967ms
10.240.0.18:2379 is healthy: successfully committed proposal: took = 4.025451ms
etcdctl --cluster endpoint hashkv  --write-out=table

+------------------+------------+---------------+
|     ENDPOINT     |    HASH    | HASH REVISION |
+------------------+------------+---------------+
| 10.240.0.17:2379 | 3892279174 |             3 |
| 10.240.0.18:2379 | 3892279174 |             3 |
| 10.240.0.19:2379 | 3892279174 |             3 |
+------------------+------------+---------------+

4 - Comment sauvegarder la base de données

Guide de prise d’un instantané de la base de données etcd

Prérequis

Effectuer un instantané d’une base de données

snapshot pour sauvegarder un instantané du stockage etcd à un instant donné :

etcdctl --endpoints=$ENDPOINT snapshot save DB_NAME

Options globales

etcdctl

--endpoints=[127.0.0.1:2379], gRPC endpoints

Un instantané ne peut être demandé qu’à un nœud etcd, donc le drapeau --endpoints ne doit contenir qu’un seul point de terminaison.

etcdutl

-w, --write-out string   set the output format (fields, json, protobuf, simple, table) (default "simple")

Exemple

11_etcdctl_snapshot_2016051001
ENDPOINTS=$HOST_1:2379
etcdctl --endpoints=$ENDPOINTS snapshot save my.db

Snapshot saved at my.db
etcdutl --write-out=table snapshot status my.db

+---------+----------+------------+------------+
|  HASH   | REVISION | TOTAL KEYS | TOTAL SIZE |
+---------+----------+------------+------------+
| c55e8b8 |        9 |         13 | 25 kB      |
+---------+----------+------------+------------+

5 - Comment ajouter et supprimer des membres

Guide de gestion de la configuration du cluster dans etcd

member pour ajouter, supprimer ou mettre à jour le membre :

13_etcdctl_member_2016062301
# For each machine
TOKEN=my-etcd-token-1
CLUSTER_STATE=new
NAME_1=etcd-node-1
NAME_2=etcd-node-2
NAME_3=etcd-node-3
HOST_1=10.240.0.13
HOST_2=10.240.0.14
HOST_3=10.240.0.15
CLUSTER=${NAME_1}=http://${HOST_1}:2380,${NAME_2}=http://${HOST_2}:2380,${NAME_3}=http://${HOST_3}:2380

# For node 1
THIS_NAME=${NAME_1}
THIS_IP=${HOST_1}
etcd --data-dir=data.etcd --name ${THIS_NAME} \
	--initial-advertise-peer-urls http://${THIS_IP}:2380 \
	--listen-peer-urls http://${THIS_IP}:2380 \
	--advertise-client-urls http://${THIS_IP}:2379 \
	--listen-client-urls http://${THIS_IP}:2379 \
	--initial-cluster ${CLUSTER} \
	--initial-cluster-state ${CLUSTER_STATE} \
	--initial-cluster-token ${TOKEN}

# For node 2
THIS_NAME=${NAME_2}
THIS_IP=${HOST_2}
etcd --data-dir=data.etcd --name ${THIS_NAME} \
	--initial-advertise-peer-urls http://${THIS_IP}:2380 \
	--listen-peer-urls http://${THIS_IP}:2380 \
	--advertise-client-urls http://${THIS_IP}:2379 \
	--listen-client-urls http://${THIS_IP}:2379 \
	--initial-cluster ${CLUSTER} \
	--initial-cluster-state ${CLUSTER_STATE} \
	--initial-cluster-token ${TOKEN}

# For node 3
THIS_NAME=${NAME_3}
THIS_IP=${HOST_3}
etcd --data-dir=data.etcd --name ${THIS_NAME} \
	--initial-advertise-peer-urls http://${THIS_IP}:2380 \
	--listen-peer-urls http://${THIS_IP}:2380 \
	--advertise-client-urls http://${THIS_IP}:2379 \
	--listen-client-urls http://${THIS_IP}:2379 \
	--initial-cluster ${CLUSTER} \
	--initial-cluster-state ${CLUSTER_STATE} \
	--initial-cluster-token ${TOKEN}

Ensuite, remplacez un membre avec les commandes member remove et member add :

# get member ID
export ETCDCTL_API=3
HOST_1=10.240.0.13
HOST_2=10.240.0.14
HOST_3=10.240.0.15
etcdctl --endpoints=${HOST_1}:2379,${HOST_2}:2379,${HOST_3}:2379 member list

# remove the member
MEMBER_ID=278c654c9a6dfd3b
etcdctl --endpoints=${HOST_1}:2379,${HOST_2}:2379,${HOST_3}:2379 \
	member remove ${MEMBER_ID}

# add a new member (node 4)
export ETCDCTL_API=3
NAME_1=etcd-node-1
NAME_2=etcd-node-2
NAME_4=etcd-node-4
HOST_1=10.240.0.13
HOST_2=10.240.0.14
HOST_4=10.240.0.16 # new member
etcdctl --endpoints=${HOST_1}:2379,${HOST_2}:2379 \
	member add ${NAME_4} \
	--peer-urls=http://${HOST_4}:2380

Ensuite, démarrez le nouveau membre avec le drapeau --initial-cluster-state existing :

# [WARNING] If the new member starts from the same disk space,
# make sure to remove the data directory of the old member
#
# restart with 'existing' flag
TOKEN=my-etcd-token-1
CLUSTER_STATE=existing
NAME_1=etcd-node-1
NAME_2=etcd-node-2
NAME_4=etcd-node-4
HOST_1=10.240.0.13
HOST_2=10.240.0.14
HOST_4=10.240.0.16 # new member
CLUSTER=${NAME_1}=http://${HOST_1}:2380,${NAME_2}=http://${HOST_2}:2380,${NAME_4}=http://${HOST_4}:2380

THIS_NAME=${NAME_4}
THIS_IP=${HOST_4}
etcd --data-dir=data.etcd --name ${THIS_NAME} \
	--initial-advertise-peer-urls http://${THIS_IP}:2380 \
	--listen-peer-urls http://${THIS_IP}:2380 \
	--advertise-client-urls http://${THIS_IP}:2379 \
	--listen-client-urls http://${THIS_IP}:2379 \
	--initial-cluster ${CLUSTER} \
	--initial-cluster-state ${CLUSTER_STATE} \
	--initial-cluster-token ${TOKEN}